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The BMC ADO16 (Amalgamated Drawing Office project number 16)〔John Baker, ''Austin Memories'' p185 "Contrary to popular belief ADO does not stand for Austin Drawing Office. In fact it stands for Amalgamated Drawing Office"〕 is a family of economical small family cars built by the British Motor Corporation (BMC) and, later, British Leyland. It was launched in 1962 and for most of the next decade the ADO16 was consistently the UK's best-selling car. The ADO16 was marketed under various make and model names including: * Austin 1100 and 1300 * Austin America, Glider and Victoria * Innocenti IM3 * MG 1100 and 1300 * Morris 1100 and 1300 * Riley Kestrel and Riley 1300 〔Michael Sedgwick & Mark Gillies, A-Z of Cars 1945–1970, Temple Press, 1986, page 165〕 * Vanden Plas Princess 1100 / 1275 / 1300 * Wolseley 1100, 1275, 1300, 11/55 〔(''Also known as : BMC 1100/1300'', www.aronline.co.uk ) Retrieved on 18 October 2014〕 & Wesp 〔 Although most of the cars were manufactured in England, they were also built in Spain by Authi, in Italy by Innocenti and at the company's own plant in Belgium. It was the basis for locally adapted similar cars manufactured in Australia and South Africa. Various versions including Austin, Morris, MG, Wolseley and Riley were assembled in New Zealand and Malta from CKD kits from 1963 until the final Austin/Morris versions were replaced by the Allegro in 1975. The vehicle was launched as the Morris 1100 on 15 August 1962. The range was expanded to include several rebadged versions, including the twin-carburettor MG 1100, the Vanden Plas Princess (from October 1962), the Austin 1100 (August 1963), and finally the Wolseley 1100 (1965) and Riley Kestrel (1965). The Morris badged 1100/1300 gave up its showroom space to the Morris Marina in 1971, but Austin and Vanden Plas versions remained in production in the UK until June 1974. The estate version followed in 1966, called ''Countryman'' in the Austin version and ''Traveller'' in the Morris one, continuing the established naming scheme. The Austin 1100 Countryman appeared in the "Gourmet Night" episode of ''Fawlty Towers'', in which the short-tempered owner of Fawlty Towers Basil Fawlty (John Cleese) gave it a "damn good thrashing". This episode was first shown in October 1975. In 1964 the 1100 was ''Wheels'' magazine's Car of the Year. ==Design and development== The ADO16 (Amalgamated Drawing Office project number 16) was designed by Alec Issigonis. Following his success with the Mini, Issigonis set out to design a larger and more sophisticated car which incorporated more advanced features and innovations. In common with the Mini, the ADO16 was designed around the BMC A-Series engine, mounted transversely and driving the front wheels. As well as single piston swinging caliper disc brakes at the front, which were not common on mass-produced cars in the early 1960s, the ADO16 featured a Hydrolastic interconnected fluid suspension system designed by Alex Moulton. The mechanically interconnected Citroen 2CV suspension was assessed in the mid-1950s by Alec Issigonis and Alex Moulton (according to an interview by Moulton with ''CAR'' magazine in the late 1990s), and was an inspiration in the design of the Hydrolastic suspension system for the Mini and Austin 1100, to try to keep the benefits of the 2CV system (ride comfort, body levelling, keeping the roadwheel under good control and the tyre in contact with the road), but with added roll stiffness that the 2CV lacked. Pininfarina, the Italian styling studio which had worked with BMC before on the Austin A40 Farina, was commissioned to style the car. ADO16 had comparable interior space to the larger Ford Cortina. BMC engineer Charles Griffin took over development work from Issigonis at the end of the 1950s while Issigonis completed work on the Mini. Griffin ensured the 1100 had high levels of refinement, comfort and presentation. Griffin would later have overall responsibility for the Princess, Metro, Maestro and Montego ranges.〔Obituary. Charles Griffin, ''The Times'', Friday, 26 November 1999; pg. 31; Issue 66682〕 The ADO16 range sold 2.1 million units between 1962 and 1974.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「BMC ADO16」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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